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An example of shaping might be for someone who hasarachnophobia (afraid of spiders) to look at a picture of a spider, then work their way up to holding a stuffed animal spider, to remove the fear’s power and desensitize the individual with the phobia. This usually occurs in steps and is often applied in cases where the ultimate goal is to overcome irrational fears or manage anxiety disorders. Shaping: The process of shaping reinforces behaviors that are similar to a new, more desirable behavior.Eventually, knowing she’ll no longer get the reaction they seek, the obnoxious behavior will discontinue. If, on the other hand, the parent begins to ignore the child when they do this obnoxious thing, the child will be to realize their actions will no longer produce the reaction – the positive reinforcement in the form of attention – from the parent. If the parent reacts every time the child exhibits this particular habit, the child will most likely continue to perform the annoying habit to continue receiving the attention – even though it is negative attention – from the parent. This is most often used in terms of a parent giving attention to a child who has an attention-seeking habit. Extinction: When the reinforcements for curbing or encouraging behavior are decreased or discontinued altogether, this is known as extinction.Negative punishments might be taking recess away from a child who forgot their homework or not allowing a teen to go to the mall with friends after they were caught by sneaking in after curfew last weekend. Examples of positive punishment are adding another two days to your workout schedule next week for lazing through a day at the gym this week and making a child vacuum the whole house after dumping a snack on the living room floor. Negative reinforcement: Two types of negative reinforcement are positive punishment, where adding a consequence is supposed to deter future repetition of bad behavior, and negative punishment, which involves taking something away.
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Examples include a student who receives a dollar for each A or B on their report car or a salesperson earning a weekend getaway for reaching a sales goal. This might take the form of verbal praise, extending a privilege, or offering some kind of remuneration. Posi tive reinforcement: Just like it sounds, positive reinforcement is rewarding good behavior with some kind of motivator.You can try to develop and implement a behavior modification plan on your own, or you can find a counselor or therapist who specializes in behavior modification therapy. Put simply, Skinner’s behavior modification model is a way to change habits by following actions up with positive or negative consequences to either break bad habits or reinforce good habits to continue. He referred to this concept as “the principle of reinforcement.” Skinner, known for his research on operant conditioning (the precursor to behavior modification), postulated that if the consequences of an action are negative, there is a good chance the action or behavior will not be repeated, and if the consequences are positive, the chances are better that the action or behavior will be repeated. You can, however, motivate them to change their behavior by changing the environment and offering incentives. You can’t force someone to change their behavior. This is where behavior modification comes in.īehavior modification says that we can change the way we act, or react, by learning and by attaching consequences to our actions. The challenge is to stick with the new habit, which is not so easy. Anyone can say they’re going to quit smoking and then ignore one or two cravings, or commit to an exercise regimen and then hit the gym twice in a week. The hard part comes in making the change stick. Behavior modification works with just about everyone and has many potential applications, from improving a child’s behavior to motivating employees to work more efficiently.īehavior modification is also used often to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), irrational fears, drug and alcohol addiction issues, generalized anxiety disorder, and separation anxiety disorder. The ultimate goal is to swap objectionable, problematic, or disagreeable behaviors with more positive, desirable behaviors.
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Ask A Licensed Mental Health Professional Online Today.īehavior modification is the process of changing patterns of human behavior over the long term using various motivational techniques, mainly consequences (negative reinforcement) and rewards (positive reinforcement).